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toBeTopJavaer
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在Java中,类使用class定义,接口使用interface定义,注解和接口的定义差不多,增加了一个@符号,即@interface,代码如下:
public @interface EnableAuth {
}
注解中可以定义成员变量,用于信息的描述,跟接口中方法的定义类似,代码如下:
public @interface EnableAuth {
String name();
}
还可以添加默认值:
public @interface EnableAuth {
String name() default "猿天地";
}
上面的介绍只是完成了自定义注解的第一步,开发中日常使用注解大部分是用在类上,方法上,字段上,示列代码如下:
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface EnableAuth {
}
Target
用于指定被修饰的注解修饰哪些程序单元,也就是上面说的类,方法,字段
Retention
用于指定被修饰的注解被保留多长时间,分别SOURCE(注解仅存在于源码中,在class字节码文件中不包含),CLASS(默认的保留策略,注解会在class字节码文件中存在,但运行时无法获取),RUNTIME(注解会在class字节码文件中存在,在运行时可以通过反射获取到)三种类型,如果想要在程序运行过程中通过反射来获取注解的信息需要将Retention设置为RUNTIME
Documented
用于指定被修饰的注解类将被javadoc工具提取成文档
Inherited
用于指定被修饰的注解类将具有继承性
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