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  <title>Hawaiʻi Space Flight Laboratory</title>
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        <a href="#about">About</a>
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        <p class="eyebrow">University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa</p>
        <h1>Hawaiʻi Space Flight Laboratory</h1>
        <p class="lead">We design, build, launch and operate small satellites for science, technology demonstration and education — and we publish the flight software and ground systems that fly them.</p>
        <div class="cta">
          <a class="btn primary" href="#repos">Explore our code</a>
          <a class="btn" href="https://www.hsfl.hawaii.edu/">Visit hsfl.hawaii.edu</a>
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    <section id="about" class="wrap section">
      <h2>About HSFL</h2>
      <div class="grid two">
        <div>
          <p>The Hawaiʻi Space Flight Laboratory was established in 2007 within the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) and the College of Engineering at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.</p>
          <p>HSFL develops 1–100&nbsp;kg small satellites for science and education, supports technology validation missions for government agencies such as NASA and the DoD, and partners with university and industry missions. Students work side by side with engineers and scientists on every phase, from concept to on-orbit operations.</p>
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        <ul class="facts">
          <li><strong>2007</strong><span>Founded at UH Mānoa</span></li>
          <li><strong>1–100&nbsp;kg</strong><span>Small satellite class</span></li>
          <li><strong>2015</strong><span>ORS-4: first launch from Hawaiʻi (PMRF Kauaʻi)</span></li>
          <li><strong>Open source</strong><span>COSMOS mission operations framework</span></li>
        </ul>
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      <h3>What we do</h3>
      <div class="grid four cards">
        <article class="card"><h4>Satellite platforms</h4><p>CubeSats and microsatellites, from bus design through flight.</p></article>
        <article class="card"><h4>Integration &amp; testing</h4><p>Cleanroom, thermal-vacuum and environmental test capability.</p></article>
        <article class="card"><h4>Instrumentation</h4><p>Science payloads such as hyperspectral thermal imagers and neutron detectors.</p></article>
        <article class="card"><h4>Mission operations</h4><p>Ground stations across Hawaiʻi and the COSMOS operations software.</p></article>
      </div>
    </section>

    <section id="missions" class="section alt">
      <div class="wrap">
        <h2>Missions</h2>
        <p class="sub">A selection of HSFL spacecraft, current and past.</p>
        <div class="grid three cards">
          <article class="card mission has-media span-2">
            <div class="gallery">
              <a class="main" href="assets/img/hyti-orbit.jpg"><img src="assets/img/hyti-orbit.jpg" alt="The HyTI CubeSat drifting away from the International Space Station above Earth's clouds" loading="lazy"></a>
              <a href="assets/img/hyti-iss-deploy.jpg"><img src="assets/img/hyti-iss-deploy.jpg" alt="HyTI just after release from the Nanoracks deployer on the ISS" loading="lazy"></a>
              <a href="assets/img/hyti-cleanroom.jpg"><img src="assets/img/hyti-cleanroom.jpg" alt="HSFL students with the HyTI 6U CubeSat in the cleanroom" loading="lazy"></a>
            </div>
            <div class="body">
              <span class="tag">Completed</span>
              <h4>HyTI</h4>
              <p>Hyperspectral Thermal Imager — a 6U CubeSat funded by NASA's Earth Science Technology Office to demonstrate high spatial and spectral resolution thermal imaging from a CubeSat. Deployed from the International Space Station in April 2024 and deorbited on December 17, 2024.</p>
              <p class="credit">ISS photos: NASA</p>
              <a href="https://www.hsfl.hawaii.edu/missions/hyti/">Mission page →</a>
            </div>
          </article>
          <article class="card mission">
            <span class="tag current">In development</span>
            <h4>Lunar HyTI</h4>
            <p>Taking hyperspectral thermal imaging to the Moon, with mission planning built on SPICE kernels and dedicated flight software.</p>
            <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/lunar-hyti">Code →</a>
          </article>
          <article class="card mission has-media span-2 split">
            <a class="split-img" href="assets/img/neutron-2.jpg"><img src="assets/img/neutron-2.jpg" alt="Render of the two Neutron-2 3U CubeSats in orbit, with test results from the neutron detector engineering unit" loading="lazy"></a>
            <div class="body">
              <span class="tag current">In development</span>
              <h4>Neutron-2</h4>
              <p>A dual CubeSat mission, developed with the University Nanosatellite Program, to measure neutron and gamma-ray flux and map neutron radiation in three dimensions in low Earth orbit. It builds on the Neutron-1 mission and its detector heritage.</p>
              <p class="links"><a href="https://www.hsfl.hawaii.edu/missions/neutron-2/">Mission page →</a> · <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/Neutron-2">Code →</a></p>
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          </article>
          <article class="card mission has-media">
            <a href="assets/img/neutron-1.jpg"><img class="mission-img portrait" src="assets/img/neutron-1.jpg" alt="The Neutron-1 3U CubeSat on a test fixture in the HSFL cleanroom" loading="lazy"></a>
            <div class="body">
              <span class="tag">Completed</span>
              <h4>Neutron-1</h4>
              <p>3U CubeSat carrying an Arizona State University neutron detector. Deployed from the International Space Station in November 2020 and deorbited in 2022 after completing its mission.</p>
              <p class="credit">Photo: HSFL</p>
              <a href="https://www.hsfl.hawaii.edu/missions/neutron-1/">Mission page →</a>
            </div>
          </article>
          <article class="card mission">
            <span class="tag">Completed</span>
            <h4>HiakaSat-1 &amp; ORS-4</h4>
            <p>HSFL's microsatellite flew on ORS-4 in November 2015 aboard the Super Strypi rocket from the Pacific Missile Range Facility on Kauaʻi.</p>
            <a href="https://www.hsfl.hawaii.edu/missions/">Missions →</a>
          </article>
          <article class="card mission span-2">
            <span class="tag edu">Education</span>
            <h4>Artemis CubeSat Kit</h4>
            <p>A low-cost 1U CubeSat kit with every essential subsystem, open hardware and flight software — built for classrooms across Hawaiʻi and beyond.</p>
            <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/artemis-cubesat">Code →</a>
          </article>
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    </section>

    <section id="software" class="wrap section">
      <h2>Software &amp; ground systems</h2>
      <p class="sub">The tools we build to fly spacecraft, open to the community.</p>
      <div class="grid three cards">
        <article class="card">
          <h4>COSMOS</h4>
          <p>Comprehensive Open-architecture Solution for Mission Operations Systems: an embedded operations environment for satellites, drones and rovers, covering flight software, simulation and ground.</p>
          <p class="links"><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmos-core">cosmos-core</a> · <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmosv5">cosmosv5</a> · <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmos-docs">docs</a></p>
        </article>
        <article class="card">
          <h4>F´ &amp; Yamcs deployments</h4>
          <p>NASA F´ flight software deployments and Yamcs mission control integrations, including XTCE mission-database generation for flight and ground.</p>
          <p class="links"><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/fprime-artemis-cubesat">fprime-artemis</a> · <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/hts1-yamcs">hts1-yamcs</a> · <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/xtce_cpp_generate">xtce_cpp_generate</a></p>
        </article>
        <article class="card">
          <h4>Ground station network</h4>
          <p>GNU Radio flowgraphs, rotator control and scheduling software for HSFL's ground stations.</p>
          <p class="links"><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/Groundstation-Flowgraphs">flowgraphs</a> · <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/Groundstation-Hardware-Controller">hardware controller</a> · <a href="https://github.com/hsfl/SSaM4GSN">SSaM</a></p>
        </article>
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    </section>

    <section id="repos" class="section alt">
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        <h2>Repositories</h2>
        <p class="sub">Our flagship open-source projects. Browse everything on the <a href="repositories.html">repositories page</a>.</p>
        <div class="grid two featured">
          <article class="card feature">
            <span class="tag current">Flagship</span>
            <h3>COSMOS v5</h3>
            <p>The core of the COSMOS ecosystem: libraries, runtime services and agent infrastructure for building and operating distributed robotic systems, including CubeSats, UAVs and ground stations. This workspace brings together all the layer repositories as submodules.</p>
            <ul class="layers">
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmosv5-kernel">kernel</a></li>
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmosv5-micro-agent">micro-agent</a></li>
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmosv5-simulator">simulator</a></li>
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmosv5-agent">agent</a></li>
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmosv5-modules">modules</a></li>
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmosv5-ground-station">ground-station</a></li>
            </ul>
            <a class="btn" href="https://github.com/hsfl/cosmosv5">hsfl/cosmosv5 →</a>
          </article>
          <article class="card feature">
            <span class="tag edu">Education</span>
            <h3>Artemis CubeSat Kit</h3>
            <p>A low-cost, open-source 1U CubeSat kit with every essential subsystem. Funded by NASA's Artemis Student Challenge and built by UH Mānoa students under HSFL supervision, it comes with flight software, hardware designs and a curriculum.</p>
            <ul class="layers">
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/artemis-hardware">hardware</a></li>
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/fprime-artemis-cubesat">F´ deployment</a></li>
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/artemis-cubesat-pdu-firmware">PDU firmware</a></li>
              <li><a href="https://github.com/hsfl/artemis-cubesat-protocols">protocols</a></li>
            </ul>
            <a class="btn" href="https://github.com/hsfl/artemis-cubesat">hsfl/artemis-cubesat →</a>
          </article>
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        <p class="center"><a class="btn" href="repositories.html">View all repositories</a></p>
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    <section id="education" class="wrap section">
      <h2>Education &amp; outreach</h2>
      <div class="grid two">
        <p>HSFL trains the next generation of Hawaiʻi's aerospace workforce. Undergraduate and graduate students join mission teams, run ground stations and write flight code, while the Artemis CubeSat Kit and partnerships with community colleges bring hands-on space engineering to classrooms statewide.</p>
        <p>Interested in joining a mission team, collaborating on research, or contributing to our open-source software? Get in touch, or open an issue or pull request on any of our repositories.</p>
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    <section id="contact" class="section alt">
      <div class="wrap grid two">
        <div>
          <h2>Contact</h2>
          <address>
            Hawaiʻi Space Flight Laboratory<br>
            University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa<br>
            1680 East-West Road, POST 501<br>
            Honolulu, HI 96822
          </address>
        </div>
        <ul class="contact-list">
          <li><span>Email</span><a href="mailto:info@hsfl.hawaii.edu">info@hsfl.hawaii.edu</a></li>
          <li><span>Phone</span><a href="tel:+18089563138">(808) 956-3138</a></li>
          <li><span>Web</span><a href="https://www.hsfl.hawaii.edu/">hsfl.hawaii.edu</a></li>
          <li><span>GitHub</span><a href="https://github.com/hsfl">github.com/hsfl</a></li>
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