diff --git a/pr_split/cli.py b/pr_split/cli.py
index ad690a4..dff9a39 100644
--- a/pr_split/cli.py
+++ b/pr_split/cli.py
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
     materialize_group_files,
     merge_chain_assignments,
     parse_diff,
+    target_file_modes,
 )
 from .exceptions import (
     ErrorMsg,
@@ -357,12 +358,17 @@ def _create_single_branch_and_commit(
         add_worktree(worktree_path, branch_name, start_point or merge_base_ref)
     try:
         materialized = materialize_group_files(parsed_diff, group, merge_base_ref)
+        modes = target_file_modes(parsed_diff, group)
         for file_path, content in materialized.items():
             p = Path(worktree_path) / file_path
             if content is not None:
                 p.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
                 # newline="" keeps CRLF from the reconstructed content intact.
                 p.write_text(content, encoding="utf-8", errors="surrogateescape", newline="")
+                if file_path in modes:
+                    # Git only tracks the executable bit; apply the diff's
+                    # target mode so chmod changes reach the sub-PR.
+                    p.chmod(modes[file_path] & 0o777)
             elif p.exists():
                 p.unlink()
 
diff --git a/pr_split/diff_ops/__init__.py b/pr_split/diff_ops/__init__.py
index d57fc55..42794c1 100644
--- a/pr_split/diff_ops/__init__.py
+++ b/pr_split/diff_ops/__init__.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from .parser import ParsedDiff, extract_diff, parse_diff
-from .reconstructor import materialize_group_files, merge_chain_assignments
+from .reconstructor import materialize_group_files, merge_chain_assignments, target_file_modes
 
 __all__ = [
     "ParsedDiff",
@@ -7,4 +7,5 @@
     "materialize_group_files",
     "merge_chain_assignments",
     "parse_diff",
+    "target_file_modes",
 ]
diff --git a/pr_split/diff_ops/reconstructor.py b/pr_split/diff_ops/reconstructor.py
index db37b06..607bb12 100644
--- a/pr_split/diff_ops/reconstructor.py
+++ b/pr_split/diff_ops/reconstructor.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import re
 import subprocess
 
 from loguru import logger
@@ -164,3 +165,33 @@ def materialize_group_files(
         base_content = _get_base_file_content(file_path, ref)
         result[file_path] = apply_hunks(base_content, patch_file, indices)
     return result
+
+
+_TARGET_MODE_RE = re.compile(r"^(?:new file mode|new mode) (\d{6})$", re.MULTILINE)
+
+
+def target_file_modes(parsed_diff: ParsedDiff, group: Group) -> dict[str, int]:
+    """Map each file the group materializes to the mode the diff gives it.
+
+    unidiff parses ``old mode``/``new mode``/``new file mode`` headers into
+    ``patch_info`` only; nothing else applies them, so without this a
+    ``chmod +x`` that comes with a content change silently loses the bit.
+    """
+    wanted = {assignment.file_path for assignment in group.assignments}
+    modes: dict[str, int] = {}
+    for patch_file in parsed_diff.patch_set:
+        # target_file, not is_removed_file: the latter is also true for a file
+        # truncated to empty, which still needs its mode applied.
+        if patch_file.path not in wanted or patch_file.target_file == "/dev/null":
+            continue
+        header = "".join(str(line) for line in patch_file.patch_info or [])
+        match = _TARGET_MODE_RE.search(header)
+        if not match:
+            continue
+        mode = int(match.group(1), 8)
+        # Only regular files (100644 / 100755): a symlink's 120000 would mask
+        # to 000 and make the written file unreadable. Symlinks are written as
+        # plain files by the reconstructor, unchanged from before.
+        if mode & 0o170000 == 0o100000:
+            modes[patch_file.path] = mode
+    return modes
diff --git a/tests/test_cli_helpers.py b/tests/test_cli_helpers.py
index 69c5820..2607a3d 100644
--- a/tests/test_cli_helpers.py
+++ b/tests/test_cli_helpers.py
@@ -892,3 +892,34 @@ def test_oversized_ids_are_recorded(self) -> None:
 
         groups = [self._sized("pr-1", 876), self._sized("pr-2", 400)]
         assert _oversized_group_ids(groups, 400) == ["pr-1"]
+
+
+class TestWorktreeAppliesFileModes:
+    @patch("pr_split.cli.commit_files_in_dir", return_value="sha1")
+    @patch("pr_split.cli.target_file_modes", return_value={"run.sh": 0o100755})
+    @patch("pr_split.cli.materialize_group_files", return_value={"run.sh": "x\n", "a.py": "y\n"})
+    @patch("pr_split.cli.remove_worktree")
+    @patch("pr_split.cli.add_worktree")
+    def test_executable_bit_applied_only_where_diff_says(
+        self,
+        mock_add: MagicMock,
+        mock_remove: MagicMock,
+        mock_mat: MagicMock,
+        mock_modes: MagicMock,
+        mock_commit: MagicMock,
+    ) -> None:
+        import os
+        import stat
+        from pathlib import Path
+
+        modes: dict[str, int] = {}
+
+        def capture(cwd: str, file_paths: list[str], message: str, **kwargs: object) -> str:
+            for file_path in file_paths:
+                modes[file_path] = stat.S_IMODE(os.stat(Path(cwd) / file_path).st_mode)
+            return "sha1"
+
+        mock_commit.side_effect = capture
+        _create_branches_and_commits([_group("pr-1", "t")], MagicMock(), "main", "sha", "ns")
+        assert modes["run.sh"] & stat.S_IXUSR
+        assert not modes["a.py"] & stat.S_IXUSR
diff --git a/tests/test_reconstructor.py b/tests/test_reconstructor.py
index b0ac6f4..75343df 100644
--- a/tests/test_reconstructor.py
+++ b/tests/test_reconstructor.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
     materialize_group_files,
     merge_chain_assignments,
     split_git_lines,
+    target_file_modes,
 )
 from pr_split.exceptions import GitOperationError
 from pr_split.schemas import Group, GroupAssignment
@@ -659,3 +660,68 @@ def test_real_deletion_still_removes(self) -> None:
             ],
         )
         assert materialize_group_files(parsed, group, "main") == {"a.txt": None}
+
+
+class TestTargetFileModes:
+    def _group(self, *paths: str) -> Group:
+        return Group(
+            id="pr-1",
+            title="t",
+            description="d",
+            assignments=[
+                GroupAssignment(
+                    file_path=p, assignment_type=AssignmentType.WHOLE_FILE, hunk_indices=[0]
+                )
+                for p in paths
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def test_mode_change_with_content_is_reported(self) -> None:
+        parsed = parse_diff(
+            "diff --git a/run.sh b/run.sh\nold mode 100644\nnew mode 100755\n"
+            "index 422c2b7..55dce13\n--- a/run.sh\n+++ b/run.sh\n@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@\n a\n-b\n+B\n"
+        )
+        assert target_file_modes(parsed, self._group("run.sh")) == {"run.sh": 0o100755}
+
+    def test_new_executable_file_is_reported(self) -> None:
+        parsed = parse_diff(
+            "diff --git a/n.sh b/n.sh\nnew file mode 100755\n--- /dev/null\n+++ b/n.sh\n"
+            "@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n+x\n"
+        )
+        assert target_file_modes(parsed, self._group("n.sh")) == {"n.sh": 0o100755}
+
+    def test_plain_change_and_unassigned_files_are_ignored(self) -> None:
+        parsed = parse_diff(
+            "diff --git a/a.py b/a.py\n--- a/a.py\n+++ b/a.py\n@@ -1 +1 @@\n-x\n+y\n"
+            "diff --git a/b.sh b/b.sh\nold mode 100644\nnew mode 100755\n"
+            "--- a/b.sh\n+++ b/b.sh\n@@ -1 +1 @@\n-x\n+y\n"
+        )
+        assert target_file_modes(parsed, self._group("a.py")) == {}
+
+    def test_removed_file_is_ignored(self) -> None:
+        parsed = parse_diff(
+            "diff --git a/d.sh b/d.sh\ndeleted file mode 100755\n--- a/d.sh\n+++ /dev/null\n"
+            "@@ -1 +0,0 @@\n-x\n"
+        )
+        assert target_file_modes(parsed, self._group("d.sh")) == {}
+
+    def test_symlink_mode_is_not_reported(self) -> None:
+        parsed = parse_diff(
+            "diff --git a/link b/link\nnew file mode 120000\n--- /dev/null\n+++ b/link\n"
+            "@@ -0,0 +1 @@\n+other.py\n\\ No newline at end of file\n"
+        )
+        assert target_file_modes(parsed, self._group("link")) == {}
+
+    def test_mode_change_back_to_non_executable_is_reported(self) -> None:
+        parsed = parse_diff(
+            "diff --git a/run.sh b/run.sh\nold mode 100755\nnew mode 100644\n"
+            "--- a/run.sh\n+++ b/run.sh\n@@ -1 +1 @@\n-x\n+y\n"
+        )
+        assert target_file_modes(parsed, self._group("run.sh")) == {"run.sh": 0o100644}
+
+    def test_file_truncated_to_empty_keeps_its_new_mode(self) -> None:
+        parsed = parse_diff(
+            "diff --git a/a.sh b/a.sh\nold mode 100644\nnew mode 100755\n"
+            "--- a/a.sh\n+++ b/a.sh\n@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@\n-x\n-y\n"
+        )
+        assert target_file_modes(parsed, self._group("a.sh")) == {"a.sh": 0o100755}