[SPARK-59305][CONNECT] Track Apache Spark 4.3.0: retarget CI to the RC, re-vendor upstream, and close 4.3.0 client gaps - #99

Node.js 20 is deprecated. The following actions target Node.js 20 but are being forced to run on Node.js 24: actions/cache@v4, actions/checkout@v4. For more information see: https://github.blog/changelog/2025-09-19-deprecation-of-node-20-on-github-actions-runners/