perf(auth): index JWT API-key bindings by resource generation

[jarvis9443]

JWT authentication scans every API key to resolve a provider/subject binding, including unrelated keys. Cache a derived binding index by the API-key table generation and resolve the selected ID against the request snapshot. Configuration edits invalidate the index; duplicate bindings still fail closed, and disabled/expired keys retain precedence over claim mappings. Unrelated resource changes and arbitrary token subjects do not expand or invalidate the cache.

Rebuilding collects only configured binding rows, avoiding handle copies for the rest of the table. There are no configuration or authentication contract changes.

Validation covers scan equivalence, generation reuse, concurrent old snapshots, deletion/restoration, ambiguity and lifecycle changes. The real gateway/etcd JWT and claim-mapping suites pass in both serving modes (38 cases each); mutation checks detect stale generations, disabled ambiguity checks and collecting unrelated rows. Full workspace and serving-mode checks run in CI.

Fixes api7/AISIX-Cloud#1631

Summary by CodeRabbit

• New Features

  • JWT-based API-key authorization now reflects configuration changes without requiring a restart.
  • Updates to subjects, key assignments, and key restoration are recognized automatically.

• Bug Fixes

  • Improved handling of disabled, expired, deleted, or unconfigured JWT bindings.
  • Duplicate provider-and-subject bindings are now detected as ambiguous and denied consistently.
  • Preserved fallback claim behavior and provider/subject isolation during authorization.

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• tests/e2e/src/cases/jwt-binding-updates-e2e.test.ts

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• tests/e2e/src/cases/jwt-binding-updates-e2e.test.ts

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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The proxy now resolves JWT subject bindings through a generation-aware index instead of scanning all API keys. The index stores API-key IDs, handles ambiguity and lifecycle changes, and resolves entries against the current resource table. Tests cover caching, concurrency, lifecycle changes, and cleanup errors.

Changes

JWT binding index optimization

Layer / File(s)	Summary
Build and cache JWT bindings crates/aisix-core/src/snapshot.rs, crates/aisix-core/tests/resource_index_allocations.rs, crates/aisix-proxy/src/jwt_index.rs	Added filtered resource-table matching and a generation-aware index for configured provider and subject pairs. Duplicate identities are ambiguous, and resolution uses stored API-key IDs. Tests cover filtering, caching, concurrency, and lifecycle changes.
Use the live index during authentication crates/aisix-proxy/src/lib.rs, crates/aisix-proxy/src/state.rs, crates/aisix-proxy/src/jwt.rs, tests/e2e/src/cases/jwt-binding-updates-e2e.test.ts	Registered and initialized LiveJwtBindings, then passed it into JWT subject resolution. JWT lookup tests use the index. The end-to-end test preserves body failures and aggregates cleanup failures when needed.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 4 (Complex) | ~45 minutes

Change: Refactor · Severity of issue fixed: Medium

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant JWTAuthentication
  participant LiveJwtBindings
  participant ResourceTable
  participant Bindings
  JWTAuthentication->>LiveJwtBindings: resolve provider and subject
  LiveJwtBindings->>ResourceTable: read generation and matching entries
  ResourceTable-->>LiveJwtBindings: return configured API-key identities
  LiveJwtBindings->>Bindings: resolve identity
  Bindings-->>LiveJwtBindings: return missing, ambiguous, or API-key ID
  LiveJwtBindings->>ResourceTable: resolve API-key ID
  LiveJwtBindings-->>JWTAuthentication: return subject binding result

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Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to 909b2

No merge-blocking behavior regression was identified in JWT binding lookup or update handling.

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 6

✅ Passed checks (6 passed)

Check name	Status	Explanation
Description Check	✅ Passed	Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check	✅ Passed	The title clearly and concisely describes the main change: indexing JWT API-key bindings by resource generation to improve authentication performance.
Linked Issues check	✅ Passed	Issue #1631 coding requirements are met. LiveJwtBindings builds a (provider, subject) index from only configured bindings, stores API-key IDs, and keys reuse to ResourceTable::generation. `resol…
Out of Scope Changes check	✅ Passed	The changes remain within issue #1631. ResourceTable::matching_entries and its allocation test support selective index construction. jwt_bindings state wiring and JWT resolver changes integrate th…
E2e Test Quality Review	✅ Passed	PASS. The PR adds a real E2E flow through etcd, the spawned gateway, a mock OIDC provider, and a mock upstream. It covers warmed lookups, disabled and expired bindings, duplicate ambiguity, renames, d…
Security Check	✅ Passed	No security-check failure was introduced by the pull request. Category 1: no new production logging, serialization, or response code handles tokens, API keys, or credential objects; `jwt_index.rs:18-3…

✨ Finishing Touches

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• Create PR with unit tests
• Commit unit tests in branch perf/jwt-binding-index-20260915

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Actionable comments posted: 1

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Inline comments:
In `@tests/e2e/src/cases/jwt-binding-updates-e2e.test.ts`:
- Line 86: Update the test cleanup flow around the JWT fixture cleanup
AggregateError so an error from the test body is captured before cleanup runs;
if cleanup also fails, report both the original body error and cleanup failures
without replacing the body error, while preserving the current behavior when
only one side fails.

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ℹ️ Review info

⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: Organization UI

Review profile: CHILL

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Run ID: 25aaddef-53f1-4628-9501-2057c6790050

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 5d1968e and db0f2cf.

📒 Files selected for processing (7)

• crates/aisix-core/src/snapshot.rs
• crates/aisix-core/tests/resource_index_allocations.rs
• crates/aisix-proxy/src/jwt.rs
• crates/aisix-proxy/src/jwt_index.rs
• crates/aisix-proxy/src/lib.rs
• crates/aisix-proxy/src/state.rs
• tests/e2e/src/cases/jwt-binding-updates-e2e.test.ts

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