spec tier, typed estimate, rollout verify, hash provenance (W2.2-W2.4 + W4.1)

[aarontrowbridge]

Roadmap plan-20260812-142100-problemspecs-issimo-roadmap W2.2-W2.4 + W4.1.

Implements #341, #342, #343, #344 in one branch.

#341 — spec tier above vetted + gate validates problemspec against entitlement-keyed variant

• catalog.ts: spec becomes top tier (fully validated data, no authored code); out-of-subset falls through with reason; isSpecExpressible heuristic for custom objectives.
• gate.ts: validates problem_spec inline object against vendored FULL vs OSS schema by entitlement (hasIssimoEntitlement); Piccolissimo-only integrator (exponential/spline) fails gate on OSS with structured entitlement hint.
• @amicode/schema: register problemspec-oss with distinct $id to avoid Ajv collision; add validateProblemSpec/hasIssimoEntitlement.
• Schemas: run/solvespec add spec tier (and hpc kept); SCORE solve-stage tier note.

#342 — estimate.ts typed spec

• estimate.ts: add extractKeyVarsFromSpec parsing typed fields (problem.N, system.params.levels/subsystem_levels/components, pulse.T, trajectory kind, wrapper count) and share size model (unitary squares dim, ket single, sampling multiplies); keep regex path for scripts.
• subcommands.ts: estimate --spec routes problem_spec specs via typed adapter (inline object or TOML path via smol-toml); fixtures reused.

#343 — amicode_verify v2 rollout referee

• verify.ts: derive rollout spec via referee_rollout(control_spec, run) (strictly finer, different integrator family, forge-proof [referee] block re-validated at parse time), synchronous run (scoped exception to never-launches, produce no run_dir), record typed Verdict/Agree with witness fidelities; legacy system_verify.jld2 path retained as fallback with migration note; deriveRolloutSpec exported.

#344 — ledger hash stamp + pulse_hash provenance

• launch.ts: when solvespec carries problem_spec, compute structureHash/problemHash in TS (@amicode/schema hashing.ts byte-exact mirror) and stamp into run.toml [hashes] alongside spec_hash.
• local_executor.ts: emitSolveStanza falls back to run.toml [hashes] when result.toml [params] lacks keys and reads inline problem.toml as summary source.
• repertoire.ts/catalog_verb.ts: stamp content hash of pulse.jld2 into pulse_hash (verifiable warm-start); catalog entries carry pulse_hash.

Closes #341, Closes #342, Closes #343, Closes #344

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